Gurbacewar iska na cikin gida yana faruwa ta hanyar kona tushen mai - kamar itacen wuta, sharar amfanin gona, da taki - don dafa abinci da dumama.
Konewar irin wannan man fetur, musamman a gidaje marasa galihu, yana haifar da gurbacewar iska wanda ke haifar da cututtukan numfashi wanda ke haifar da mutuwa da wuri.Hukumar ta WHO ta kira gurbacewar iska a cikin gida "hadarin lafiyar muhalli mafi girma a duniya."
Gurbacewar iska a cikin gida na ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da haɗarin mutuwa da wuri
Gurbacewar iska a cikin gida shine babban abin da ke haifar da mutuwa da wuri a ƙasashe matalauta
Gurbacewar iska ta cikin gida ɗaya ce daga cikin matsalolin muhalli mafi girma a duniya - musamman gamafi talauci a duniyawadanda sau da yawa ba su da damar samun tsabtataccen mai don dafa abinci.
TheNauyin Cuta na Duniyawani babban bincike ne na duniya kan musabbabi da abubuwan da ke haifar da mutuwa da cututtuka da aka buga a mujallar kiwon lafiyaLancet.2Ana nuna waɗannan ƙididdiga na adadin mace-mace na shekara-shekara da aka danganta da abubuwan haɗari da yawa a nan.Ana nuna wannan ginshiƙi don jimlar duniya, amma ana iya bincika don kowace ƙasa ko yanki ta amfani da maɓalli na "ƙasa canji".
Gurbacewar iska a cikin gida abu ne mai haɗari ga yawancin manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da mutuwa a duniya, ciki har da cututtukan zuciya, ciwon huhu, bugun jini, ciwon sukari da kansar huhu.3A cikin ginshiƙi mun ga cewa yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan haɗari ga mutuwa a duniya.
A cewar hukumarNauyin Cuta na DuniyaBinciken 2313991 mutuwar an danganta shi da gurɓataccen gida a cikin sabuwar shekara.
Saboda bayanan IHME sun fi kwanan nan mun dogara galibi akan bayanan IHME a cikin aikinmu na gurɓacewar iska na cikin gida.Amma yana da kyau a lura cewa WHO ta wallafa adadin da ya fi yawa na mutuwar gurɓacewar iska a cikin gida.A cikin 2018 (babban bayanan da aka samu) WHO ta kiyasta mutuwar mutane miliyan 3.8.4
Tasirin kiwon lafiya na gurɓataccen iska a cikin gida yana da yawa musamman a cikin ƙasashe masu karamin karfi.Idan muka kalli rushewar ga ƙasashe masu ƙarancin ƙididdiga na zamantakewar al'umma - 'Low SDI' akan ginshiƙi mai ma'amala - za mu ga cewa gurɓataccen iska na cikin gida yana cikin abubuwan haɗari mafi muni.
Rarraba mace-mace a duniya daga gurbacewar iska a cikin gida
Kashi 4.1% na mace-macen duniya ana danganta su da gurbatar iska a cikin gida
An danganta gurɓacewar iska a cikin gida da kiyasin mutuwar mutane 2313991 a cikin sabuwar shekara.Wannan yana nufin cewa gurɓataccen iska na cikin gida shine ke da alhakin kashi 4.1% na mutuwar duniya.
A cikin taswirar anan mun ga kaso na mace-macen shekara-shekara da ake dangantawa da gurbatar iska a cikin gida a fadin duniya.
Idan muka kwatanta rabon mace-mace da ake dangantawa da gurɓacewar iska a cikin gida ko dai a kan lokaci ko tsakanin ƙasashe, ba kawai muna kwatanta girman gurɓataccen iska ba ne, amma tsananinsa.a cikin mahallinna sauran abubuwan haɗari ga mutuwa.Rabon gurɓataccen iska na cikin gida ba wai kawai ya dogara da nawa ne ke mutuwa da wuri ba, amma menene sauran mutane ke mutuwa da kuma yadda wannan ke canzawa.
Idan muka kalli kason da ke mutuwa sakamakon gurbacewar iska a cikin gida, alkaluma sun yi yawa a cikin kasashe masu karamin karfi a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara, amma ba su sha bamban da kasashen Asiya ko Latin Amurka.A can, tsananin gurɓataccen iska na cikin gida - wanda aka bayyana a matsayin rabon mace-mace - an rufe shi ta hanyar rawar wasu abubuwan haɗari a cikin masu karamin karfi, kamar ƙarancin samun damar shiga.ruwa lafiya, talakatsaftar muhallida jima'i mara aminci wanda ke da haɗari gaHIV/AIDS.
Yawan mace-mace ya fi girma a cikin ƙasashe masu ƙarancin kuɗi
Adadin mace-mace daga gurɓacewar iska na cikin gida yana ba mu cikakken kwatancen bambance-bambance a cikin tasirinsa na mace-mace tsakanin ƙasashe da kuma kan lokaci.Ya bambanta da rabon mace-mace da muka yi nazari a baya, adadin mutuwar ba ya tasiri ta yadda wasu dalilai ko abubuwan haɗari na mutuwa ke canzawa.
A cikin wannan taswirar muna ganin adadin mace-mace daga gurɓacewar iska a cikin gida a duk faɗin duniya.Adadin wadanda suka mutu yana auna adadin wadanda ke mutuwa a cikin mutane 100,000 a wata ƙasa ko yanki.
Abin da ya bayyana a fili shi ne babban bambance-bambance a cikin adadin mace-mace tsakanin kasashe: rates suna da yawa a cikin ƙananan ƙasashe, musamman a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara da Asiya.
Kwatanta waɗannan ƙimar tare da waɗanda ke cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa: a duk faɗin Arewacin Amurka rates suna ƙasa da mutuwar 0.1 a cikin 100,000.Wannan shine babban bambanci mai ninki 1000.
Batun gurbacewar iska a cikin gida don haka yana da rarrabuwar kawuna a fannin tattalin arziki: matsala ce da aka kusan kawar da ita gaba ɗaya a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa, amma ta kasance babbar matsalar muhalli da lafiya a cikin ƙananan kudin shiga.
Muna ganin wannan dangantakar a fili lokacin da muka tsara ƙimar mutuwa tare da samun kudin shiga, kamar yadda aka nunanan.Akwai dangantaka mara kyau: ƙimar mutuwa tana raguwa yayin da ƙasashe ke samun wadata.Wannan kuma gaskiya ne lokacinyi wannan kwatantatsakanin matsananciyar talauci da tasirin gurbatar yanayi.
Ta yaya mace-mace daga gurɓacewar iska ta cikin gida ta canza bisa lokaci?
Mutuwar shekara-shekara daga gurɓataccen iska na cikin gida ya ragu a duniya
Yayin da gurbacewar iska ta cikin gida har yanzu tana daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da mace-mace, kuma mafi girman hadarin da ake samu a karancin kudin shiga, duniya ma ta samu ci gaba a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.
A duniya baki daya, yawan mace-mace na shekara-shekara sakamakon gurbacewar iska a cikin gida ya ragu sosai tun daga shekarar 1990. Muna ganin hakan a cikin hangen nesa, wanda ke nuna adadin mace-macen shekara-shekara da ake dangantawa da gurbacewar iska a cikin gida a duniya.
Wannan yana nufin cewa duk da ci gabakaruwar yawan jama'aa cikin 'yan shekarun nan, dadukaadadin wadanda suka mutu sakamakon gurbacewar iska a cikin gida ya ragu har yanzu.
Ku zo daga https://ourworldindata.org/indoor-air-pollution
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-10-2022